晋太元中,武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行,忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林,夹岸数百步,中无杂树,芳草鲜美,落英缤纷。渔人甚异之,复前行,欲穷其林。   林尽水源,便得一山,山有小口,仿佛若有光。便舍船,从口入。初极狭,才通人。复行数十步,豁然开朗。土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。   见渔人,乃大惊,问所从来。具答之。便要还家,设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉,遂与外人间隔。问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻,皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家,皆出酒食。停数日,辞去。此中人语云:“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作:隔绝)   既出,得其船,便扶向路,处处志之。及郡下,诣太守,说如此。太守即遣人随其往,寻向所志,遂迷,不复得路。   南阳刘子骥,高尚士也,闻之,欣然规往。未果,寻病终。后遂无问津者。 sh-3ll

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<ul id="index">
  <li><a href="#NAME">NAME</a></li>
  <li><a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
  <li><a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
  <li><a href="#NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
  <li><a href="#RETURN-VALUES">RETURN VALUES</a></li>
  <li><a href="#SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
  <li><a href="#COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</a></li>
</ul>

<h1 id="NAME">NAME</h1>

<p>d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio, d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp, i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio, i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp, i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_bio, i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_fp - PKCS#8 format private key functions</p>

<h1 id="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</h1>

<pre><code> #include &lt;openssl/evp.h&gt;

 EVP_PKEY *d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio(BIO *bp, EVP_PKEY **x, pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);
 EVP_PKEY *d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp(FILE *fp, EVP_PKEY **x, pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);

 int i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio(BIO *bp, EVP_PKEY *x, const EVP_CIPHER *enc,
                             char *kstr, int klen,
                             pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);

 int i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp(FILE *fp, EVP_PKEY *x, const EVP_CIPHER *enc,
                            char *kstr, int klen,
                            pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);

 int i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_bio(BIO *bp, EVP_PKEY *x, int nid,
                                 char *kstr, int klen,
                                 pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);

 int i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_fp(FILE *fp, EVP_PKEY *x, int nid,
                                char *kstr, int klen,
                                pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);</code></pre>

<h1 id="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</h1>

<p>The PKCS#8 functions encode and decode private keys in PKCS#8 format using both PKCS#5 v1.5 and PKCS#5 v2.0 password based encryption algorithms.</p>

<p>Other than the use of DER as opposed to PEM these functions are identical to the corresponding <b>PEM</b> function as described in <a href="../man3/PEM_read_PrivateKey.html">PEM_read_PrivateKey(3)</a>.</p>

<h1 id="NOTES">NOTES</h1>

<p>These functions are currently the only way to store encrypted private keys using DER format.</p>

<p>Currently all the functions use BIOs or FILE pointers, there are no functions which work directly on memory: this can be readily worked around by converting the buffers to memory BIOs, see <a href="../man3/BIO_s_mem.html">BIO_s_mem(3)</a> for details.</p>

<p>These functions make no assumption regarding the pass phrase received from the password callback. It will simply be treated as a byte sequence.</p>

<h1 id="RETURN-VALUES">RETURN VALUES</h1>

<p>d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio() and d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp() return a valid <b>EVP_PKEY</b> structure or NULL if an error occurred.</p>

<p>i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio(), i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_fp(), i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_bio() and i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_nid_fp() return 1 on success or 0 on error.</p>

<h1 id="SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</h1>

<p><a href="../man3/PEM_read_PrivateKey.html">PEM_read_PrivateKey(3)</a>, <a href="../man7/passphrase-encoding.html">passphrase-encoding(7)</a></p>

<h1 id="COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</h1>

<p>Copyright 2002-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.</p>

<p>Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the &quot;License&quot;). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <a href="https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html">https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html</a>.</p>


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