"""A Python driver for PostgreSQL
psycopg is a PostgreSQL_ database adapter for the Python_ programming
language. This is version 2, a complete rewrite of the original code to
provide new-style classes for connection and cursor objects and other sweet
candies. Like the original, psycopg 2 was written with the aim of being very
small and fast, and stable as a rock.
Homepage: https://psycopg.org/
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
:Groups:
* `Connections creation`: connect
* `Value objects constructors`: Binary, Date, DateFromTicks, Time,
TimeFromTicks, Timestamp, TimestampFromTicks
"""
# psycopg/__init__.py - initialization of the psycopg module
#
# Copyright (C) 2003-2019 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
# Copyright (C) 2020-2021 The Psycopg Team
#
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders give
# permission to link this program with the OpenSSL library (or with
# modified versions of OpenSSL that use the same license as OpenSSL),
# and distribute linked combinations including the two.
#
# You must obey the GNU Lesser General Public License in all respects for
# all of the code used other than OpenSSL.
#
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
# License for more details.
# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do
# their work without bothering about the module dependencies.
# Note: the first internal import should be _psycopg, otherwise the real cause
# of a failed loading of the C module may get hidden, see
# https://archives.postgresql.org/psycopg/2011-02/msg00044.php
# Import the DBAPI-2.0 stuff into top-level module.
from psycopg2._psycopg import ( # noqa
BINARY, NUMBER, STRING, DATETIME, ROWID,
Binary, Date, Time, Timestamp,
DateFromTicks, TimeFromTicks, TimestampFromTicks,
Error, Warning, DataError, DatabaseError, ProgrammingError, IntegrityError,
InterfaceError, InternalError, NotSupportedError, OperationalError,
_connect, apilevel, threadsafety, paramstyle,
__version__, __libpq_version__,
)
# Register default adapters.
from psycopg2 import extensions as _ext
_ext.register_adapter(tuple, _ext.SQL_IN)
_ext.register_adapter(type(None), _ext.NoneAdapter)
# Register the Decimal adapter here instead of in the C layer.
# This way a new class is registered for each sub-interpreter.
# See ticket #52
from decimal import Decimal # noqa
from psycopg2._psycopg import Decimal as Adapter # noqa
_ext.register_adapter(Decimal, Adapter)
del Decimal, Adapter
def connect(dsn=None, connection_factory=None, cursor_factory=None, **kwargs):
"""
Create a new database connection.
The connection parameters can be specified as a string:
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres password=secret")
or using a set of keyword arguments:
conn = psycopg2.connect(database="test", user="postgres", password="secret")
Or as a mix of both. The basic connection parameters are:
- *dbname*: the database name
- *database*: the database name (only as keyword argument)
- *user*: user name used to authenticate
- *password*: password used to authenticate
- *host*: database host address (defaults to UNIX socket if not provided)
- *port*: connection port number (defaults to 5432 if not provided)
Using the *connection_factory* parameter a different class or connections
factory can be specified. It should be a callable object taking a dsn
argument.
Using the *cursor_factory* parameter, a new default cursor factory will be
used by cursor().
Using *async*=True an asynchronous connection will be created. *async_* is
a valid alias (for Python versions where ``async`` is a keyword).
Any other keyword parameter will be passed to the underlying client
library: the list of supported parameters depends on the library version.
"""
kwasync = {}
if 'async' in kwargs:
kwasync['async'] = kwargs.pop('async')
if 'async_' in kwargs:
kwasync['async_'] = kwargs.pop('async_')
dsn = _ext.make_dsn(dsn, **kwargs)
conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
if cursor_factory is not None:
conn.cursor_factory = cursor_factory
return conn
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