晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之，复前行，欲穷其林。 　　林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 　　见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。”(间隔 一作：隔绝) 　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 　　南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 sh-3ll

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# coding: utf-8

# Copyright Ayumu Nojima (野島 歩) and Martin J. Dürst (duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp)

# additions to class String for Unicode normalization
class String
  # === Unicode Normalization
  #
  # :call-seq:
  #    str.unicode_normalize(form=:nfc)
  #
  # Returns a normalized form of +str+, using Unicode normalizations
  # NFC, NFD, NFKC, or NFKD. The normalization form used is determined
  # by +form+, which is any of the four values :nfc, :nfd, :nfkc, or :nfkd.
  # The default is :nfc.
  #
  # If the string is not in a Unicode Encoding, then an Exception is raised.
  # In this context, 'Unicode Encoding' means any of  UTF-8, UTF-16BE/LE,
  # and UTF-32BE/LE, as well as GB18030, UCS_2BE, and UCS_4BE. Anything
  # else than UTF-8 is implemented by converting to UTF-8,
  # which makes it slower than UTF-8.
  #
  # _Examples_
  #
  #   "a\u0300".unicode_normalize        #=> 'à' (same as "\u00E0")
  #   "a\u0300".unicode_normalize(:nfc)  #=> 'à' (same as "\u00E0")
  #   "\u00E0".unicode_normalize(:nfd)   #=> 'à' (same as "a\u0300")
  #   "\xE0".force_encoding('ISO-8859-1').unicode_normalize(:nfd)
  #                                      #=> Encoding::CompatibilityError raised
  #
  def unicode_normalize(form = :nfc)
    require 'unicode_normalize/normalize.rb' unless defined? UnicodeNormalize
    ## The following line can be uncommented to avoid repeated checking for
    ## UnicodeNormalize. However, tests didn't show any noticeable speedup
    ## when doing this. This comment also applies to the commented out lines
    ## in String#unicode_normalize! and String#unicode_normalized?.
    # String.send(:define_method, :unicode_normalize, ->(form = :nfc) { UnicodeNormalize.normalize(self, form) } )
    UnicodeNormalize.normalize(self, form)
  end

  # :call-seq:
  #    str.unicode_normalize!(form=:nfc)
  #
  # Destructive version of String#unicode_normalize, doing Unicode
  # normalization in place.
  #
  def unicode_normalize!(form = :nfc)
    require 'unicode_normalize/normalize.rb' unless defined? UnicodeNormalize
    # String.send(:define_method, :unicode_normalize!, ->(form = :nfc) { replace(unicode_normalize(form)) } )
    replace(unicode_normalize(form))
  end

  # :call-seq:
  #    str.unicode_normalized?(form=:nfc)
  #
  # Checks whether +str+ is in Unicode normalization form +form+,
  # which is any of the four values :nfc, :nfd, :nfkc, or :nfkd.
  # The default is :nfc.
  #
  # If the string is not in a Unicode Encoding, then an Exception is raised.
  # For details, see String#unicode_normalize.
  #
  # _Examples_
  #
  #   "a\u0300".unicode_normalized?        #=> false
  #   "a\u0300".unicode_normalized?(:nfd)  #=> true
  #   "\u00E0".unicode_normalized?         #=> true
  #   "\u00E0".unicode_normalized?(:nfd)   #=> false
  #   "\xE0".force_encoding('ISO-8859-1').unicode_normalized?
  #                                        #=> Encoding::CompatibilityError raised
  #
  def unicode_normalized?(form = :nfc)
    require 'unicode_normalize/normalize.rb' unless defined? UnicodeNormalize
    # String.send(:define_method, :unicode_normalized?, ->(form = :nfc) { UnicodeNormalize.normalized?(self, form) } )
    UnicodeNormalize.normalized?(self, form)
  end
end